The Quintessence of Human Nature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Quintessence of Human Nature - Essay Example A few people regarded that people are fundamentally underhanded. Hobbes accepted that the condition of nature was so terrible, and individuals in their normal state so degenerate, that any type of government was desirable over it (119). Along these lines, Hobbes contradicted any upset in any sort, not on the grounds that he guesses that rulers administer by total right but since he accepted that dictator governments were compulsory to monitor human beings’ most exceedingly terrible driving forces (119). Hobbes featured in his hypothesis that the regular condition of mankind is war, by which he implies not really furnished clash yet a battle in which each person’s interests are characteristically contradicted to everybody else’s (119). In such a state, Hobbes portrayed human instinct as lone, poor, dreadful, brutish and short (119). Hobbes focused on that men have no delight, yet actually, a lot of hopelessness, in keeping organization where there is no capacity t o over-wonderment them each of the (121). In like manner, he guesses that each man imagines that his partner should esteem him at a similar degree he sets upon himself, and upon all indications of disdain, or underestimating, generally attempts, the extent that he sets out which in the midst of them have no normal capacity to keep them peaceful and that power however is incredible enough for men to devastate one another, to blackmail a prevalent incentive from his faultfinders, by mischief to others for example (121). Hobbes likewise refered to the three chief elements of squabble that the idea of man has and these are competition, shyness and the drive for greatness (121). The feeling of contention drives men to attack for gain; they additionally utilize the utilization of savagery to make themselves the bosses of different men’s people, spouses, kids and cows. Actually, the standard of modesty features that men command others for their security; subsequently, they use threa tening vibe toward guard themselves. Then again, the drive for magnificence inspires a man to beat another for notoriety; mostly, they use hostility for wastes of time, for example, a word, a grin, a differing supposition and some other indication of underestimate, either direct in their people, or by appearance in their related, their companions, their country, their calling or their name (Hobbes 121). Much the same as Hobbes, the Chinese logician Hsun accepts that man’s nature is essentially insidious (100). Hsun considered Confucian to be as irreplaceable in light of the fact that they controlled and diverted humanity’s intrinsic demeanor towards detestable (100). In addition, he accepted that exacting order could make individuals great in spite of their common tendencies. He additionally contended that people must be constrained into integrity by exacting laws and cruel punishments for insubordination (100). Man’s nature is underhanded and the integrity is t he consequence of cognizant movement; the idea of man is to such an extent that he is brought into the world with an affection for benefit and on the off chance that he revels this affection, it will lead man into quarreling and strife, and all feeling of graciousness and lowliness will evaporate (Hsun 100-101). He is brought into the world with sentiments of hatred and extreme aversion, and in the event that he revels these, they will guide him into brutality and wrongdoing, and all feeling of constancy and great confidence will vanish (Hsun 101). Man is brought into the world with the wants of the eyes and the ears, with an affection for excellent sights and sounds; in the event that he revels these, they will lead him into permit and corruption, and every single custom standard and right structures

Incidents in The Life of a Slave Girl Essay -- essays research papers

Utilizing the alias Brent, Harriet Jacobs composed Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, to make Northern white ladies aware of the perils looked by oppressed African American ladies in the South. The account subtleties her experience of bondage, accentuating the lewd behavior she encountered working in the home of Dr. Rock (Dr. James Norcom). Since Linda Brent's Aunt Martha (Molly Horniblow, Jacobs' grandma) was notable and regarded in the communityâ€and lived nearbyâ€Flint was reluctant to drive himself on Linda where it may be found and handed-off to the remainder of the network. At the point when he attempted to subtly sell Aunt Martha to dispense with her impedance, she constrained him to do it at open closeout; he was mortified and her opportunity was bought by one of her numerous admirers. Stone th...

Respiratory System Mechanics Essay

1.) When you powerfully breathe out your whole expiratory save volume, any air staying in your lungs is known as the lingering volume (RV). For what reason is it difficult to additionally breathe out the RV (that is, the place is this air volume caught, and for what reason is it caught?) This â€Å"dead space† of air needs to remain in your lungs continually; in any case the lung will totally empty. In the event that the lung has all of air drained out of it, it will fall and should be re-expanded. 2.) How would you measure a person’s RV in a research facility? By the air staying in the lung 3.) Draw a spirogram that delineates a person’s volumes and limits previously and during a noteworthy hack. Extra Questions for Activity 1. The accompanying inquiries allude to Activity 1: Measuring Respiratory Volumes and Calculating Capacitates 1.) What might be a case of an ordinary respiratory occasion the ERV button Stimulates? constrained termination 2.) What extra skeletal muscles are used in an ERV movement? stomach divider muscles and the inner intercostal muscles contract 3.) What was the FEV1 (%) at the underlying sweep of 5.00 mm? 73.9% 4.) What happened to the FEV1 (%) as the sweep of the aviation routes diminished? How all around did the outcomes contrast and your expectation? FEV1 (%) diminished relatively with the span 5.) Explain why the outcomes from the test propose that there is an obstructive, as opposed to a prohibitive, pneumonic issue. The FEV1 (%) diminished relatively as the range diminished, normal for an obstructive pneumonic issue Action 2 Comparative Spriometry Graph 2: Spirometery Results Quiet Type Television (ml) ERV (ml) IRV (ml) RV (ml) FVC (ml) TLC (ml) FEV1 (ml) FEV1 (%) Typical 500 1500 3000 1000 5000 6000 4000 80% Emphysema 500 750 2000 2750 3250 6000 1625 half Intense asthma assault 300 750 2700 2250 3750 6000 1500 40% In addition inhaler 500 1500 2800 1200 4800 6000 3840 80% Moderate exercise 1875 1125 2000 1000 ND 6000 ND ND Overwhelming activity 3650 750 600 1000 ND 6000 ND ND 1.) Why is leftover volume (RV) better than average in a patient with emphysema? The lungs void more slow than typical. 2.) Why did the asthmatic patient’s inhaler drug neglect to restore all volumes and abilities to typical qualities immediately? The smooth muscle in the bronchioles didn’t come back to typical in addition to bodily fluid despite everything obstructs the aviation route. 3.) Looking at the spirograms produced in this movement, express a simple method to decide if a person’s practicing exertion is moderate or substantial. The more quick the lines the more heavier the activity. Extra Questions for Activity 2. The accompanying inquiries allude to Activity 2 Comparative Spirometry 1.) What lung esteems transformed (From those of the ordinary patient) in the spirogram when the patient with emphysema was chosen? For what reason did these qualities change as they did? How very much did the outcomes contrast and your expectation? ERV, IRV, RV, FVC, FEV, and FEV1 (%) all changed; these are because of the loss of flexible backlash 2.) Which of these two parameters changed more for the patient with emphysema, the FVC or the FEV1? FEV1 diminished altogether more 3.) What lung esteems transformed (from those of the typical patient) in the spirogram when the patient encountering an intense asthma assault was chosen? For what reason did these qualities change as they did? How very much did the outcomes contrast and your forecast? Television, ERV, IRV, RV, FVC, FEV1, and FEV1 (%) all changed; because of limitation of the aviation routes 4.) How is having an intense asthma assault like having emphysema? How is it unique? Comparable on the grounds that obstructive sicknesses portrayed by expanded aviation route opposition; Different on the grounds that progressively hard to breathe out with emphysema that with asthma 5.) Describe the impact that the inhaler prescription had on the asthmatic patient. Did all the spirogram esteems come back to â€Å"normal†? For what reason do you figure a few qualities didn't restore right to ordinary? How very much did the outcomes contrast and your expectation? Come back to ordinary were TV, ERV, FEV1 (%); smooth muscles in the bronchioles didn’t come back to typical blue bodily fluid despite everything hinders the aviation route 6.) How quite a bit of an expansion in FEV1 do you believe is required to be considered fundamentally improved by the drug? 10-15% improvement 7.) With moderate oxygen consuming activity, which changed more from typical breathing, the ERV or the IRV? How very much did the outcomes contrast and your forecast? IRV changed more with moderate action 8.) Compare the breathing rates during ordinary breathing, moderate exercise, furthermore, substantial exercise. Television expanded over typical breathing with both moderate and substantial exercise. Action 3. Impact of Surfactant and Intrapleural Pressure on Respiration Outline 3: Effect of Surfactant and Intrapleural Pressure on Respiration Surfactant Intrapleural pressure left (atm) Intrapleural pressure right (atm) Wind stream left (ml.min) Wind stream right (ml/min) Absolute Airflow (ml/min) 0 - 4 - 4 49.69 49.69 99.38 2 - 4 - 4 69.56 69.56 139.13 4 - 4 - 4 89.44 89.44 178.88 0 - 4 - 4 49.64 49.64 99.38 0 0.00 - 4 0.00 49.64 49.69 0 0.00 - 4 0.00 49.69 49.69 0 - 4 - 4 49.69 49.69 99.38 1.) Why is typical calm breathing so hard for untimely newborn children? They don’t have a lot of surfactant. 2.) Why does a pneumothorax much of the time fellow to atelectasis? In the event that the lungs are separated precisely, at that point the odds of creating expanded. Extra Questions for Activity 3 The accompanying inquiries allude to Activity 3: Effect of Surfactant and Intrapleural Pressure on Respiration 1.) What impact does the expansion of surfactant have on the wind stream? How very much did the outcomes contrast and your forecast? Wind current increments since obstruction is decreased 2.) Why does surfactant influence wind current as such? It diminishes surface strain in the alveoli making it simpler for the alveoli to build surface territory for gas trade. 3.) What impact did opening the valve on the left lung? For what reason does this occur? The lung breakdown on the grounds that the weight in the pleural depression was not exactly the intrapulmonary weight; wind currents from the lungs, making it breakdown 4.) What impact on the crumbled lung in the left half of the glass chime container did you see when you shut the valve? How all around did the outcomes contrast and your forecast? It made the lung breakdown in light of the fact that the weight in the pleural pit is not exactly the intrapulmonary weight. Wind streams from the lungs causing the breakdown of the lung. 5.) What crisis ailment does opening the left valve mimic? A crumbled lung (pneumothorax) is a development of air in the space between the lung and the chest divider (pleural space). As the measure of air in this space expands, the weight against the lung makes the lung breakdown 6.) In the last piece of the action, you tapped the Reset catch to draw the let some circulation into of the intrapleural space and return the lung to its ordinary resting condition. What crisis technique would be utilized to accomplish this outcome if these were the lungs in a living individual? A chest by addition of cylinder to coax let some circulation into of pleural depression and reestablish the weight inclination 7.) What do you think would happen when the valve is opened if the two lungs were in a solitary enormous depression as opposed to isolate cavities? On the off chance that both lung were in a solitary huge cavity as opposed to isolate hole when valve was open the whole lung will crumple and there will be no additional lung to breath with and passing would happen a lot of sooner.

Assisted Suicide by Physician for the Terminally Ill Moral or Not - Free Essay Example

The notion of the right to assisted suicide is oftentimes a controversial topic surrounding the medical industry in the United States. One side of the spectrum will argue that assisted suicide is unjustifiable because by definition, death in itself is an inevitability, not a right. On the contrary, the other side of the spectrum claims that assisted suicide by aid of physician is an ethical right to a patients free exercise of autonomy. Therers a multitude of factors that play into the right to assisted suicide. My argument is that so long as the terminally patient within their own mind is psychologically stable and that all other potential life-saving measures have already been instilled, then it should lawfully be within someoners rights to take their own life by palliative, physician induced suicide. In terms is the United States, only eight states have legalized assisted suicide to some degree but within strict regulation. The issuing of a assisted suicide procedure within these states is still frowned upon and is only admitted for patients with a prognosis of six months or less to live. The problem with this is that being terminally ill is not only a physical battle of attrition but even more so a mental war within oneself no matter how long your prognosis is. In essence, pain and discomfort is not the sole reason for these patients wanting to take their lives. As Doctor Teresa Yao explains in her article Can We Limit a Right to Physician-Assisted Suicide?, the three most commonly answered reasons for seeking the assisted suicide procedure is because the patients have either loss their dignity, they have lost their own autonomy, or they feel like they simply cant do the things in life that made life enjoyable anymore. (Yao 5) The objective of the majority of these patients is t o relieve themselves of their lost sense of purpose. Why would we as a country only honor what these inevitably dead people have to say when the prognosis is six months or less? The physical pain seen visually to people oftentimes undermines the overall spiritual and mental anguish that these patients are going through. The sixth months to live laws are completely arbitrary. The sole reason these lawfully put in place is to appease the public side that opposes the notion all together. The argument that Doctor Yao is implying that United States as a whole was founded on the principle of autonomy. (Yao 6) What this means is essentially being prideful and living the life that you want to live. Why is it that once you become terminally ill but still have more than six months to live, you as an inevitably dead patient have lost your right to autonomy? We a nation preach the notion of autonomy in all aspects of life. Telling a terminally ill patient that they dont have the right to die peacefully at all or stipulating that a patient with a s ix month prognosis does completely undermines the principle all together. The reality of the United States is that the majority of the vocal public opposes physician assisted suicide all together and will only resiliently support the procedure in extreme circumstances such as disabilities or a six month prognosis. The right to die can and should be included in the right to receiving an assisted-suicide procedure no matter what the prognosis or if they are disabled. This in itself is contradictory and I happen to disagree with any form of opposition of the right to this procedure. The other side of the spectrum on this ideology will argue that a persons right to die should be rejected no matter what the circumstances because the notion of death in itself is an inevitability, not a right guaranteed to one as an individual. Doctor Sylvia Dianne in her article Euthanasia and assisted suicide; There is an alternative. dives into the argument of the world being universally opposed to the notion of assisted suicide and for logical reasoning as to why. The first ideology displayed by Doctor Dianne is that the majority of participants in Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism, and Hinduism are unanimously opposed to the motives for assisted suicide. Also, studies show that Atheists and Agnostics alike tend to question morality of the process due to the universally accepted belief about the sanctity of human life despite religiously charged influence. (Dianne 25) To these four religions, suffering is a form of overcoming, displaying resilience and ultimately bringing about th e best in people. Euthanasia is in essence, implying that suffering no longer has a meaning or purpose behind it. Some of the world greatest literature, art, and music has been brought into existence because of suffering. Christians oftentimes claim that it was the unjust suffering of Christ that ultimately allowed redemption for the everyday sinners on Earth. After arguing in respect to worldwide religions and cultures, Doctor Dianne researched the issue of assisted-suicide from the medical perspective. It turns out that from the very beginnings of medically involved times till now, the sanctioning of killing patients is and never will be acceptable. Also, euthanasia practices voluntary or not are in violation of historical codes birthed in medical ethics. (Dianne 30) The explanation behind this research is that the grand majority of medical professionals feel that the practice of voluntary assisted suicide is hypocritical and goes against exactly what it is the medical professiona l was trained to do. What the author is insinuating is that euthanasia needs to be an absolute last resort option and rather than jumping to the conclusion of termination so rapidly, Doctors need to exhaust every avenue of potential life saving treatment first so that questioning of physician assisted suicide is never brought into question in the first place. As a practicing Christian myself, I think that Doctor Dianne did a good job at arguing in favor of not only Christianity but also the three other most commonly practiced religions worldwide in Judaism, Buddhism, and Hinduism. When debating a topic that is correlated between science and religion I feel like this article remained fairly unbiased in that Doctor Sylvia was successful in bringing about the fact that both the medical industry and religions alike are opposed to physician assisted suicide in some way, shape, or form. It is definitely important to respect the morality and views of people when considering the topic of assisted suicide. Religions and people in general claim that human life has inherent value and that euthanasia isnt something that any medical professional wants to be responsible for. These are important variables to take into account but, I also feel that sometimes it is important to challenge such views when it comes to terminally ill patients. I personally do nt see euthanasia as a last resort option. I see it as a form of immediate relief which is something medical professionals are trained to do metaphorically speaking. I also greatly oppose the argument of suffering no longer having meaning. Enduring a life of hardships and perseverance is something that brings about the best in people. Lifestyle hardships are far fetched from someone on the verge of dying, potentially going through excruciating pain and suffering. There really needs to be a deviation between the two in the eyes of someone arguing in favor of their religiously innate ideas. I now want to revert back as to why physician assisted suicide is justifiable. Doctor Timothy Quill is actually a practicing medical professional himself and wrote his article Physicians Should Assist in Suicide When It Is Appropriate. In order to explain that in many cases, assisting suicide by a physician is actually ethically justifiable. Early on Doctor Quill claims that assisted suicide shouldnt be considered for a terminally ill patient until all aspects of excellent palliative medical care has been induced. (Quill 58) This correlates directly to the argument displayed by religiously activated Doctor Dianne in the previous article examined. After laying this foundation, Doctor Quill explains that legalization of physician assisted suicide will absolutely does not undermine improvements in palliative care and hospice. The idea for terminally ill patients having the option of the procedure is potentially a good safety blanket in that it brings the patients more tolerance and resi lience to suffering knowing that there is that option if need be. After being moderate on the idea, Doctor Quill then discusses the autonomy argument similar to that of Doctor Yao. Autotomy is essentially the greatest factor played into the seeking of euthanasia, and understandably so. He talks by personal experience witnessing terminally ill patients living a life of no dignity and pride while continuously piling on medical bills and from what he has seen itrs absolutely demoralizing to people and their families. (Quill 63) What Doctor Quill is insisting is that why let your family see you suffering and why be a financial burden when death is inevitable sooner than later? So long as the practices are not in secret and are repeatedly pronounced to the patient and family for a formal consent, then therers really no justification as to why this practice is harsh or immoral again, this is once all other avenues have been exhausted. This is unfortunately a harsh reality that some families have to experience when it comes to terminal illnesses however, there is much truth value behind what he is claiming. The practice of physician assisted suicide indeed needs to be a consensual procedure with the patient having the ultimate authority so long as they are mentally competent. I like how Doctor Quill discussed how demoralizing living with a terminal illness is. Where I somewhat disagree with him is when he relates to Doctor Dianne on stressing the importance of exhausting every potential life saving avenue. I would say once diagnosed as terminally ill it is crucial to let the patients and their families demonstrate their own choices and let them decide what they want to do. Even with assistance from insurance treatments can become a financial burden as well as a waste of resources for patients who arent terminally ill. The last article I researched by Doctor D. Etienne de Villiers was called May Christians Request Medically Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia? This article gives the perspective from an average American Christian as to why the practice is not ethical in accordance to the Bible and traditional American values in general. The general Christian belief system entails that the terminally ill are to live both morally and loyal to god until their death. This, as well has remaining prejudice against the termination of any human life for any reason. (Villiers 1) Another influential ideology as to why Christians are so hesitant when asked about assisted suicide even for the terminally ill is because the Bible promotes absolute prohibition. Doctor Villiers explains this by going on to discuss the Sixth Commandment Thou Shalt Not Kill. Although quite vague, the modern interpretation of the sixth commandment is to value human life as sacred. The journey of life for a Christian, even when terminally ill, is to essentially trust the sustained care and support of God no matter what the circumstances are. (Villiers 4) The main idea here is to put the illness in the hands of God and let it play out the way that it was intended too. In other words, a physician has no place telling a person when their time on Earth is up. It is Godrs will as to when your time comes. Generally what Doctor Villiers is establishing is that physician assisted suicide is considered blasphemy by the majority of Christianrs and that needs to be respected by the medical industry when cases are made in favor of the practice. I truly have mixed emotions on this article. Although I am a practicing Christian, I think itrs important to note that when someone is diagnosed as terminally ill it can be inferred God has already willed that death will take place for that very person. I feel as though this article was objective at trying to bring about an understanding from the religious perspective on the issue and I think that Doctor de Villiers stayed fairly neutral and within certain boundaries even though she showed religious biases in her argument structure. Biblically speaking, I can agree and understand the notion that the body is somewhat like a temple and is to be taken care of at all times. Where I come to disagree is at what point is the body worth trying to save anymore? If your soul truly is eternal and the body has wasted away to near death then maybe itrs time to surrender and let your soul move on. This article was backed with Biblical evidence however I feel much of this article was more speculati on rather than research. The source proved to be effective in further adding to the notion that we as nation need to appease all sides of the spectrum and witness who displays these antagonistic views and why. In conclusion, the research that I have performed for this paper has taught me that the majority of the world is unanimously opposed to the notion of physician assisted suicide for reasons tied to religion, ethics, and morality. These multitude of explanations cannot not be ignored and should always be considered when trying to promote such a procedure. Although the opposition create a solid counterargument, the benefits of physician assisted suicide at least to me, outweigh the negatives. For this very reason, my argument remains that so long as the terminally patient within their own mind is psychologically stable and that all other potential life-saving measures have already been instilled, then it should lawfully be within someoners rights to take their own life by palliative, physician induced suicide.

Developing Mixed Environments Of 802.1x And Non 802.1x...

More commonly, switches from different manufacturers are inconsistent in the way they must be configured to support 802.1X, particularly in how they handle mixed environments of 802.1X and non-802.1X endpoints. This and other factors make initial configuration and ongoing management of 802.1X in wired LANs very resource intensive — and therefore expensive. Wired LANs also tend to support a greater variety of legacy endpoints, many of which do not support 802.1X supplicant software. The number of non-802.1X endpoints in wired LANs often exceeds 802.1X-capable ones. As mentioned above, it is challenging to configure different switches (particularly in multivendor networks) to handle a mix of both 802.1X and non- 802.1X endpoints. The†¦show more content†¦Examples include devices such as those used for physical security in many facilities, including surveillance cameras, ID card readers, entry keypads and the like. Various industries such as manufacturing, retail, healthcare, energy and many others support unique types of endpoints in their networks for which 802.1X supplicant software is not available. In many environments, non-802.1X endpoints can far outnumber 802.1X-capable ones. As a result, a significant challenge for implementing 802.1X in many networks involves what to do about all the non-802.1X endpoints and how to handle network connectivity for those devices. There are options and workarounds, but each one involves compromise in terms of network security and/or management complexity. [callout box]  » OPTIONS FOR HANDLING NON-802.1X ENDPOINTS †¢ Deny All (not realistic!) †¢ Whitelist All (not secure!) †¢ MAC Authentication Bypass (doable, but manually intensive) [end of callout box] One option (though seldom feasible) is to simply deny network access to all non-802.1X endpoints. For most organizations this is really not an option since many of the non-802.1X endpoints are critical to business operations. Machines on a manufacturing floor, cash registers in a retail store, heart monitors and other patient care devices in a hospital all must be allowed on the network. So denying access

Drugs, Legal And Illegal - 1508 Words

People use drugs, legal and illegal, because their lives are intolerably painful or dull† said Wendell Berry. The same could be said with a toxic organic compound named Morphine. Morphine is white, crystalline and odorless which contain 17 carbon, 19 hydrogen atoms, 1 nitrogen atom and 3 oxygen. (C17H19NO3) Under organic compounds, it’s classified in the â€Å"True Alkaloid† group as the nitrogen is organized in a heterocycle and originated from amino acid. Morphine are produced through an extraction from plants like â€Å"Papaver Somniferous† then processed or produced synthetically for medication and recreational purposes. Firstly, morphine is an analgesic opioid that exists in tablets or solution form and could be consumed through swallowing,†¦show more content†¦The binding could only occur in the receptors active site if the size, shape and charge of the morphine’s meet the requirement of the receptor. Once the match is identified, the following binding process would take place. The flat benzene ring in morphine would fit securely in the flat surface of the receptor’s active site to allow the rest of the molecule to fall in place easily. The adjacent carbon atoms would fit into a nearby groove, while the nitrogen atom would attach to the negatively charged group receptor, hence joining the two together. After the binding occurred, the morphine would be able to block the sending of the painful information from the pre-synaptic neuron on the nociceptor. This is because, it caused a reactionary changed in the cell which blocks its ability to produces the substance that causes the feeling of pain during and/or after an operation and injury. On the other hand, despite the medical benefits mentioned above, morphine is an addictive drug which a number of individuals in the current society misuse or abuse it for recreational purpose. These addiction and dependency could be caused by genetics, environment but most importantly, the change in brain and chemical structure. Like other opioids, morphine addiction could be inherited from previous generations and therefore, the ones who had relatives that is a current or past morphine

Cigarettes Addiction and Product Dangers Essay Example For Students

Cigarettes Addiction and Product Dangers Essay It is clear that businesses have an obligation to inform their customers about their products ingredients and dangers. Looking at the case of Rose Cipollone we see that she was a heavy smoker. Her doctors had to remove part of her right cancerous lung and informed her that she had to quit smoking. Unfortunately, she was addicted. Her doctors removed the rest of her lung that year and she finally quit smoking. She then sued the Liggett Group, the makers of the cigarettes she smoked. The lawsuit charged that the company knew of the link between cancer and smoking in the early 1940s. The company was found innocent of conspiring with other tobacco companies to hide the dangers of cigarette smoking but guilty on the grounds of falsely claiming its products were safe. However, things have changed. It is not 1940 anymore, when people were ignorant about the dangers of smoking. Tobacco companies now have Surgeon General warnings on cigarette packs. Unless they have been living under a rock, the general public should have been exposed to enough information by this time when it comes to cigarettes and addiction. Nicotine information is but a click away. Tobacco companies should no longer have the obligation to warn their customers, except if a new ingredient is added, in which case they should be notified. No one is saying get rid of the Surgeon General warnings, but enough is enough! If a person wants to smoke 3 packs of cigarettes a day, then that is their choice; tobacco companies should not be held responsible. Let us examine the hype surrounding the supposed danger and addition of nicotine. The Food and Drug Administration tells us that nicotine (the addictive drug found in cigarettes) is just as addictive as cocaine and should be illegal.Much of the rhetoric of the anti-smoking movement seeks to demonize tobacco smokers as nicotine addicts. In the past, of course, the term addict has been generally applied only to mind-altering drugs, e.g., heroin and cocaine. Even alcohol, which is mind-altering, is not generally referred to as additive. So, the argument is one of semantics. If nicotine is addictive, so are chocolate candies, pies and cakes, etc. Indeed, if addiction is defined as dependence upon some chemical, everyone is addicted, to air! Nicotine and cocaine are two different things. They may be just as addictive as each other but they certainly do not produce the same effect. Let us take a closer look at the properties of nicotine.Nicotine is a chemical, C10H 14N 2, which is found in the tobacco plant. Anti-smokers are quick to point out that pure nicotine is a poison, used as a pesticide. And its true that pure nicotine (a colorless, odorous liquid) is poisonous. What that means is that to kill a 180-lb man, hed have to drink about 80 mg of the stuff. Many other common substances, however, also have minimum lethal doses. According to the same source, ingesting a gram of caffeine is fatal.Most of the nicotine in tobacco is lost in the pr ocess of smoking. Only a little finds its way into the smokers bloodstream. That small quantity may account for some of the beneficial effects of smoking, e.g., improved mental concentration. Strangely, fine Havana cigars, when they were available, contained only 2% nicotine. If, in fact, nicotine is the reason why people smoke, it seems strange that people would pay enormous amounts of money for Havana cigars, which contain so little nicotine. (Colby, Chapter 11). Nicotine is quite different from cocaine. Here are most of the effects of cocaine:The effects of any drug depend on several factors: The amount taken at one time. The users past drug experience The manner in which the drug is taken The circumstances under which the drug is taken (the place, the users psychological and emotional stability, the presence of other people, the simultaneous use of alcohol or other drugs, etc.). Cocaines short-term effects appear soon after a single dose and disappears within a few minutes or ho urs. Taken in small amounts (up to 100 mg), cocaine usually makes the user feel euphoric, energetic, talkative, and mentally alert especially to the sensations of sight, sound, and touch. It can also temporarily dispel the need for food and sleep. Paradoxically, it can make some people feel contemplative, anxious, or even panic-stricken. Some people find that the drug helps them perform simple physical and intellectual tasks more quickly; others experience just the opposite effect.Physical symptoms include accelerated heartbeat and breathing, and higher blood pressure and body temperature. Large amounts (several hundred milligrams or more) intensify users high, but may also lead to bizarre, erratic, and violent behavior. These users may experience tremors, vertigo, muscle twitches, paranoia, or, with repeated doses, a toxic reaction closely resembling amphetamine poisoning. Physical symptoms may include chest pain, nausea, blurred vision, fever, muscle spasms, convulsions, and coma . Death from a cocaine overdose can occur from convulsions, heart failure, or the depression of vital brain centers controlling respiration.With repeated administration over time, users experience the drugs long-term effects. Restlessness, extreme excitability, insomnia, and paranoia and eventually hallucinations and delusions gradually displace euphoria. These conditions, clinically identical to amphetamine psychosis and very similar to paranoid schizophrenia, disappear rapidly in most cases after cocaine use is ended.While many of the physical effects of heavy continuous use are essentially the same as those of short-term use, the heavy user may also suffer from mood swings, paranoia, loss of interest in sex, weight loss, and insomnia. Chronic cocaine snorting often causes stuffiness, runny nose, eczema around the nostrils, and a perforated nasal septum. Users who inject the drug risk not only verdosing but also infections from unsterile needles and hepatitis or AIDS (acquired im mune deficiency syndrome) from needles shared with others. Severe respiratory tract irritation has been noted in some heavy users of cocaine free base.How can anyone suggest to the American public that cocaine and nicotine are equally dangerous, damaging and addictive? While they are both allegedly addictive that is where the similarity ends, because the effects of cocaine abuse are rapid and more damaging to more body systems that anything that nicotine could ever produce.Further, if cocaine is illegal and then tobacco is illegal then you might as well make alcohol illegal again too. In fact alcohol abuse is much more similar to cocaine abuse in that it affects major body systems rather quickly and can produce mental illnesses, hallucinations, etc. As Colby said, If nicotine is addictive, so are chocolate candies, pies and cakes, etc. So, many things are harmful and addictive but people do it knowing the consequences. Companies are just trying to run a business. If you buy you buy. I dont see companies shoving lit cigarettes in peoples mouths. Sure, they advertise but its a business and they need to make their money somehow. Companies need to do whats best for the company. They should not be blamed for other peoples addictions since in the end people do what they want to do. As I stated previously, if someone wants to smoke 3 packs a day then so be it. Companies should not be held accountable. But why arent we trying to make alcohol illegal? The answer is simple: Because the government is making money off of it, plain and simple. Not like in the case of nicotine where the government is losing money paying farmers not to plant tobacco and trying to persuade them to plant other things. The government, in its efforts to stop subsidizing the tobacco industry has resorted to great lengths to exercise its political powers in order to force tobacco companies to allegedly exercise corporate social responsibility, knowing full well that smoking is not a societal ill. It is not an issue that affects society at large, such as pollution or other environmental issues which the government has a full right to interfere in, as it affects all its citizens. As amply illustrated in previous commentaries, it exercises its political might through agencies it controls, such as the FDA to demonize tobacco smokers. We see ever day how the media is used to whip up the mob mentality about the evils of smoking, the dangers to our children, etc.Fredman said it best when he indicated there is only one social responsibility of business to use its resources and engages in activities designed to increase its profits, so long as it stays within the rules of the game which is to say, engages in open and free competition without deception or fraud. (Fredman 432, Chapter 7) Tobacco companies have been playing within the rules. Its time the government stopped trying to change the rules just to try and stop what they started. Government should have never gotten into the bu siness in general of subsidizing farmers, regardless of the product. If there was no demand for the product, then it stops being sold, plain and simple. This is how it should be. This is what the open market was designed to do.Instead of pressuring the tobacco companies to exercise social responsibility lets propose to the US government that it exercise some governmental responsibility. Stop trying to circumvent the national democratic system of trade just to please parties with special interests. Stop subsidizing tobacco and let the chips fall where they may. Put our tax dollars into real societal issues that affect us all and act like the government by the people and for the people which we, as an American society, have a right to expect it to be.BIBLIOGRAPHY/REFERENCEShttp://www.lcolby.com/ Lauren A. Colby, In Defense of Smokers,Version 2.0 Chapter 11: Is Nicotine Addictive? (c) 1996 http://www.arf.org/isd/pim/cocaine.html Food and Drug Administration, Facts About Cocaine Copyrig ht ARF 1995http://www.arf.org/isd/pim/cocaine.html Food and Drug Administration, Drug Class: Central Nervous System Stimulants Copyright ARF 1995The Colombia University College of Physicians and Surgeons Complete Home Medical Guide on CD Rom, 1995, Softkey Multimedia Inc. MULTIPEDIA copyright 1995The Funk ; Wagnalls New Encyclopedia on CD Rom, 1992-1997 Softkey Multimedia Inc. INFOPEDIA copyright 1995, 1995, 1997The Merriam-Websters Medical Desk Dictionary on CD Rom, Softkey Multimedia Inc. MULTIPEDIA copyright 1995 .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564 , .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564 .postImageUrl , .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564 , .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564:hover , .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564:visited , .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564:active { border:0!important; } .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564:active , .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564 .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub39ea125dee29f6e179f6a360070f564:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Arts and Artist Paper Essay

The Cabinet Essay Research Paper Although there free essay sample

The Cabinet Essay, Research Paper Although there is nil in the fundamental law depicting a cabinet system, the framers believed that holding a cabinet system was necessary. Shortly before being sworn into office Washington consulted with Madison and Hamilton refering his function and responsibilities as president. The distinct to put up an advisory or adjunct thing for the president. Washington so asked to make three executive sections. One of War one of foreign personal businesss, and one for financial affairs. The cabinet is divided into sections, each section moving to ease any new force per unit areas that may originate. New sections are added each clip that this happens. Members in the cabinet are responsible for describing straight to the president, every bit good as Congress. The executive office of the president s a mini bureaucratism. The EOP is located right following to the White House on Pennsylvania Avenue. The EOP was established in 1939 by FDR to supervise his New Deal statute law. We will write a custom essay sample on The Cabinet Essay Research Paper Although there or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The chief intent of the executive office of the president is to progress his presidential penchants. Over clip the EOP has expanded into eight consultative and policy devising agencie s. The different bureaus advice the president in different countries like National Security, Economic, and the Office of Management and Budget. The National Security Council was established in 1947 to advice the president on foreign and military policies. The Council of Economic advisers advises the president on the economic state of affairs. It consists of three economic experts each with their ain staff. The White House Staff consists of people who are really near and loyal to the president. It was created because the cabinet wasn # 8217 ; t sufficiently near to the president after things in the state and authorities grew. Haldeman, one of Richard Nixons White House staff believed that his occupation was to take the heat for the president. Although all presidents have different ways of forming there white house staff, for the most portion ; they all have a Chief of Staff. The different functions of White House Staff include ; assisting with domestic policy, assisting to keep dealingss with Congress and involvement groups, aid in covering with the media, to supply economic expertness, and put to death political schemes. Presidents normally have a national security adviser as good.

Term Paper Editing

Term Paper Editing Term Paper Editing Term Paper Editing Your term paper reader (tutor) knows the subject well and it is up to you to prove that do as well. Imagine that you have handed your college term paper to someone on the street.   Would that person understand what you have read?   Have you expressed your argument clearly and explained all concepts and theories mentioned in a term paper? If possible, ask a friend or family member to read and edit your term paper.   Ask them to point out anything they don't understand. Sometimes, it is hard to put on the paper what comes to your head.   Term paper writing is your chance to impress your tutor with depth of thinking and logical reasoning.   It is easy to become involved into writing process and start over-summarizing materials.   You may assume that the reader knows what you mean.   However, if you have failed to express your ideas clearly, your reader cannot understand your ideas. Term paper editing is about reading, reading, and reading.   The purpose of term paper editing is to make your term paper easy to understand and to format it in accordance to required writing and referencing style.   Good term paper is understandable, logically formatted, and interesting to read. Paper Editing Tips It is important that you have a clear idea of the expectations of your tutor. For example, you should always follow specific guidelines that are set within a particular subject in terms of term paper formatting and referencing requirements. If you are not aware of expectations and requirements, you need to devote some time to talk with your tutor. Editing helps you to see all your mistakes and correct them. Finally, editing is your last chance to improve your work. In the process of term paper editing, check spelling, grammar, and style errors. Term Paper Editing Advices Proofread your work. While writing a term paper, follow specific subject assessment guidelines. Staple the pages together. Unless specifically asked, avoid using expensive folders or folios. Include a cover page (essay question, your name, date, your tutor's name, course, etc.). Type or write your work only on one side of the page. Do not forget to include a bibliography list .com Our site employs a team of professional editors who are able to impress you with qualitative work.   Term paper editing service is aimed at helping you make your term paper perfect, easy to read and easy to understand. We will correct the mistakes, proofread the content, ensure relevance of materials, and check the bibliography formatting.   Feel free to contact us to learn more about our term paper editing services.

Journalism, mass media and communication. Worksheet Essay

Journalism, mass media and communication. Worksheet - Essay Example Firstly, he examines the structural patterns of the publishing industry, where he argues that the present circumstances affecting the industry are major challenges that only require public commissioning to solve. Current challenges affecting the industry include online and digital technologies, whereby more and more young people are embracing online technologies. He also discusses the effect of in-depth research in the industry, which can help in revitalizing the industry to be able to meet current challenges (Hind and Stern-Weiner). Article 2: The second article is about a conversation with John Scher, the Co-CEO of a concert and live event promotion company based in the New York City: the Metropolitan Entertainment. Scher examines the various changes in the concert business, as he compares the present day business environment with four decades ago. He also examines challenges in concert promotion business, and points out the impact of having big publicly traded companies do concert promotion. The problem of the lack of young big acts is also a worrying trend in concert music, considering that those that rise to fame only do so for a short period. The need for a transformation in concert music is eminent for the concert promotion business to be successful (Hind and Stern-Weiner 3). Article3: The third article is entitled: Copyright and the Commodification of culture. The author explores the copyright institution in-depth, examining it as the institution that governs producing, distributing and the consumption of information and culture. He achieves this by firstly exploring the origin of copyright in relation to the rise of capitalism together with the printing press. He also examines the growth of the culture industry and how it used copyright to develop and maintain market dominance. Another important issue discussed is on processes of legislation, litigation, encryption as well as market penetration relate to the growth and development of internet distribut ion of movies and music (Karr 2). 2. what questions would you ask the author (at least 2 questions) To the first author on the influence of power to publicity, I would ask the author what impact does he think in-depth research focused on general readership would have on the falling sales of books? The other question is with regard to his: Considering where the publishing is currently and the challenges, where do you see the industry in the next ten years? There are questions as well for the other author on the piece of music. What do you think has contributed to the lack of young big acts? Considering the challenges facing concert events and live event promotions what recommendations would you give to bring back the business to its glory? 3.Do you agree with the main premise of the reading? Why or why not?What evidence or personal experience would you offer to? Article 1: Yes, I agree with the main premise of the reading. From my personal experience with online books and articles, I believe that book publishing is under severe pressure and that innovative strategies are needed to renew the industry (Hind and Stern-Weiner 4). Article 2: With regard to the second article on music, however, I do not agree with the interviewee’s argument that the reason concert promoters are not having as many shows as they used to have in the past is because of the lack of big acts. I believe there are big acts and very promising young artists in the market. My argument is that the problem is with the promoters such as John Scher, who have been surpassed by the current times. They need to adopt to the changes in the music industry and start

New York Times Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

New York Times - Essay Example These changes both in the use of the English language and the newspaper itself can be attributed to circumstance and the changing times including progress itself where language become more simplified to facilitate understanding. Some things however did not change such as the general look of the newspaper New York Times. The 1800s can be said to be still part of â€Å"wordy literature† and this can be observed in the August 2, 1888 publication of the New York Times. It is important to note here that newspapers are the simplest form of English of a society in a given day. But still, we can observe in 1838 edition of New York Times that used long sentences with several phrases in a sentence. It can even said that it did not follow the modern rules of writing the first paragraph of newspaper writing which is to use the five W’s (What, Where, Who, Why) and one H (How). This can be observed in the article entitled â€Å"THE POSITION TAKEN BY CONNECTICUT PROHIBITIONISTS: AN ENTHUSIASTIC STATE CONVENTION AT HARTFORD YESTERDAY-NOMINATING A FULL TICKET†. The first paragraph is so long that it took almost half of the length of the page. The content also reflected the conservative perspective of the day where it â€Å"favourably† reported the prohibition of liquor which is unthinkab le today in modern America. The technology of the printing press was obviously primitive as what we can observe in the simple column layout of the 1838 version of New York Times newspaper. The writing style of the New York Times newspaper dramatically changed 50 years later in its August 2, 1938 publication. The language â€Å"modernized† or became more simplified and adopted the modern rules of newspaper writing of following the 5W’s and one H in the first paragraph as an overview of the story to be written. The banner remained the same but the layout of the body of the newspaper allowed some fluidity and style because titles can now be written across columns unlike

Africa Hunger Essay Example for Free

Africa Hunger Essay Today, i am happy to come here and tell you sth about Africa Hunger. First, i have a small question for you :† have you ever had nothing in your stomach for three days? Maybe none of you here have suffer it but in sub-saharan Africa, there are a lot of people died everyday due to starvation. In this presentation, i will tell you five things you may not know about hunger in Africa. Hunger in Africa has become a huge issue over the years. There are billions of adults and children starving. The first of five factors you may not know about Africa Hunger is Climate changes and bad weather significantly affect hunger in Africa. It push more and more people into hunger. According to Climate changes and Hunger, FAO, 2009; By 2050, climate change and bad weather will have pushed another 24 millions children into hunger. Almost half of these children will live in sub-saharan Africa. Why FAO can point out this conculsion, they have analized value of the number of hungry people from 2001-2009. this climate changes factor has create the following factor. Factor number 2 is rising food prices contributes to hunger in Africa. It is affected by climate changes and economic issue. However this problem can be solved since there are a lot of foundations for victims of starvation. However Factor number 3 showing that 2 factor above has crushed this part of the world is Africa accounts for 1 quater of the hungry population. From this chart you can see that there are 102 billion people in hunger all around the world and about 642 millions in Asia – Pacific. Sub- saharan Africa hvae reach 265 millions which mean 1 quarter of the world’s hungry population. The following factor will show us how terrible hunger is? Factor number 4: Hunger kills more people than AIDS in Africa. FAO has shown that 14,6 million African died because of AIDS but it is up to 42 million hungry deaths in the near East and North Africa. Factor number 5 relating to money have point out that it only take $0,25 to feed a child in Africa. You can provide a child with all of the vitamins and nutrients, he or she need to grow up healthy with only 5200 VN Ä  per day. Food is a humand right but there are more hungry people now than at any time in history. We can fix it. By this preresentation, i just want to send you a message â€Å" plz, don’t waste your food even a piece of bread†.

Psychological Assesment of a client :: essays research papers

Psychological Analysis 1) What are your initial observations of the patient? Include name, age, marital status, profession, behavior, etc.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My client’s name is Arleen Mc Coy. Arleen is a thirty eight year old female. She has been married for 15 years and has two sons ages five and twelve. Arleen is a police officer and has been so for ten years. She is currently on paid medical leave and has three weeks left before she is due back at work. Arleen’s parents have been divorced for sixteen years and her father is an alcoholic with history of physical abuse toward his children. Her profession as a police officer came about from her desire to â€Å"serve and protect† because she could not do so as a child. Arleen has two brothers, one that she keeps in contact with and one that she does not. The day of our first visit my client seemed edgy and relayed to us that she has been feeling extremely stressed lately. Her husband and her have not been getting along because of her edginess. She says she has not been able to sleep, and does not want to go back to work or visit any of her fellow colleagues. My client has been having dreams and flashbacks about an incident that occurred while on the job. The incident occurred when she made a routine traffic stop and an altercation occurred between her and the suspect after one kilogram of cocaine was found during a routine search. The suspect then pulled out a gun and fired a shot wounding officer Mc Coy and ricocheting onto a car. By misfortune the car lost control and a five-year-old boy was killed as a result of the crash. Since the event my client has experienced feelings of helplessness, she feels if she could only go back and do something differently the child would not of had to die. 2) What is your diagnosis? Discuss the reasons for your diagnosis- the specific symptoms, social conditions etc that lead you to make your diagnosis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The diagnosis that seems most appropriate for my client is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. PTSD is the response to an extremely traumatic event, which elicits fear, helplessness, or horror. Some of the characteristic symptoms for this disorder include the re-experiencing of the event in forms of dreams and flashbacks, which occur while awakening or intoxicated. Arleen claims that every time she closes her eyes the scene re-plays in her head time and time again, and she has been drinking to help her cope with this. Psychological Assesment of a client :: essays research papers Psychological Analysis 1) What are your initial observations of the patient? Include name, age, marital status, profession, behavior, etc.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My client’s name is Arleen Mc Coy. Arleen is a thirty eight year old female. She has been married for 15 years and has two sons ages five and twelve. Arleen is a police officer and has been so for ten years. She is currently on paid medical leave and has three weeks left before she is due back at work. Arleen’s parents have been divorced for sixteen years and her father is an alcoholic with history of physical abuse toward his children. Her profession as a police officer came about from her desire to â€Å"serve and protect† because she could not do so as a child. Arleen has two brothers, one that she keeps in contact with and one that she does not. The day of our first visit my client seemed edgy and relayed to us that she has been feeling extremely stressed lately. Her husband and her have not been getting along because of her edginess. She says she has not been able to sleep, and does not want to go back to work or visit any of her fellow colleagues. My client has been having dreams and flashbacks about an incident that occurred while on the job. The incident occurred when she made a routine traffic stop and an altercation occurred between her and the suspect after one kilogram of cocaine was found during a routine search. The suspect then pulled out a gun and fired a shot wounding officer Mc Coy and ricocheting onto a car. By misfortune the car lost control and a five-year-old boy was killed as a result of the crash. Since the event my client has experienced feelings of helplessness, she feels if she could only go back and do something differently the child would not of had to die. 2) What is your diagnosis? Discuss the reasons for your diagnosis- the specific symptoms, social conditions etc that lead you to make your diagnosis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The diagnosis that seems most appropriate for my client is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. PTSD is the response to an extremely traumatic event, which elicits fear, helplessness, or horror. Some of the characteristic symptoms for this disorder include the re-experiencing of the event in forms of dreams and flashbacks, which occur while awakening or intoxicated. Arleen claims that every time she closes her eyes the scene re-plays in her head time and time again, and she has been drinking to help her cope with this.

Definitions of HRM Essay

Introduction and Overview Definitions of HRM. The employment relationship. Commitment and control. Internal fit. Textbook: Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart and Wright (2012) Human Resource Management: Gaining a Competitive Advantage. Chapter 1, pp. 2-68. Examples of exam questions: How and why has the role of the HR department been changing in Western firms since the 1980s? How far and for what reasons would you agree that the debate over the differences between HRM and personnel management is all ‘hot air? Lecture 2 Analysis and Design of Work Job analysis; Job design; employee involvement; quality circles; team working Textbook: Competitive Advantage. Chapter 4, pp. 154-190. Examples of exam questions: Who benefits from employee involvement? Compare quality circles and team working with regards to their impact on the economic outcomes of a company. Lecture 3 Personnel Selection Selection criteria, Big-5 personality dimensions, selection methods, predictive validity, reliability Textbook: Competitive Advantage. Chapter 6, pp. 230-267. Examples of past exam questions: Critically discuss the use of interviews as a primary basis for selection decisions. What criteria should be considered in selecting new employees to support firm performance? How do interviews fare in evaluating these criteria? Lecture 4 Performance appraisal Competitive Advantage. Chapter 8, 338-393. Examples of past exam questions: Critically evaluate performance appraisal at work. What are the purposes of conducting performance appraisals? How might appraisals differ depending on the purpose? Lecture 5 Pay Systems Content of pay systems; selecting pay systems; pay and firm performance; pay outcomes for employees. Textbook: Competitive Advantage. Chapter 1 1, pp. 0-519. Examples of exam questions: Which factors should HR managers take into account in designing a fair pay system? Evaluate options for the design of pay systems for different employee groups. Lecture 6 Human Resource Planning, Flexibility and Turnover Human resource planning; the model of the flexible firm; contingent employment; temporary work; employee turnover Textbook: Competitive Advantage. Chapt er 5, pp. 191-211 and Chapter 10, pp. 440-478. Examples ot exam questions: ‘Temporary agency workers are hired to protect the employment security of the core workforce. Discuss critically. Contingent workers facilitate the use of high commitment management systems. Discuss. Lecture 7 Strategic Human Resource Management: Best Practices vs. Best Fit Strategic HRM; models of HRM; best practice and business strategy models Textbook: Competitive Advantage. Chapter 2, pp. 70-105. Examples of exam questions: Evaluate the relationship between the business and the human resource management strategy of a firm. Contrast and evaluate the concepts of horizontal and vertical fit in human resource management. Lecture 8 Strategic HRM: The Resource- ased View and Stakeholder Models Continuation of lecture 7: strategic HRM; resource-based view; institutional / stakeholder perspectives on HRM Textbook: To what extent do managers have a strategic choice with regards to human resource management? Critically discuss the implications of the resource-based view of the firm for designing HRM strategies. Lecture 9 Equal Employment Opportunities Competitive Advantage. Chapter 3, pp. 106-153. Examples of past exam questions: Do women have equal opportunities at work? What actions might employers take to address any inequalities? Evaluate human capital theoretical explanations of the gender earnings gap. Lecture 10 Industrial Relations Introduction to industrial relations; purposes of collective organization; effects of unions; recent trends in industrial relations Textbook: Competitive Advantage. Chapter 14, pp. 598-647. Examples of exam questions: What are the consequences of a lack of effective worker representation, be it through trade unions or some other form of worker representation at the workplace? Why do workers Join trade unions and what are the effects of union activity? How has this changed in liberal market economies in recent years?

Implications of Nurse Practitioners on Children - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 582 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2018/12/15 Category Medicine Essay Type Research paper Level High school Tags: Children Essay Did you like this example? Introduction Nurse practitioners implications on children refers to the nurse related influences that affect children.   Normally, nurses plays a key role in providing quality health care to their patients. To maintain health standards in all healthcare units, certain ethical codes have been formulated to guide the professional in their daily activities. Therefore, this paper has been set to discuss in details the implications NP implications on children. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Implications of Nurse Practitioners on Children" essay for you Create order How implications of nurse practitioners on children has been conceptualized and managed in the past Nurse practitioners are very responsible in providing high quality care to their clients. They are usually confronted with no doubt for various ethical challenges while performing their daily activities in accordance the required health regulations. They are actually faced with several ethical problems in their professional exercise, and therefore they should familiarise themselves with those ethics and the advantage realised when decisions are made based on ethical codes of conduct. The ethical codes have been put in use in previous years by several professions. Nursing, among other trusted professions, the universal ethical implications have also been severally used by almost all known professionals globally.   Besides, the first ethical codes were transnationally put in use for nurses and adopted by the International Council of Nurses in the year 1953 (Lines, Hutton, Grant, 2017).  Ã‚   The codes were meant to provide high quality health care to children. How the Ethical and Historical Tenets of Research Are Reflected and Addressed Reflective practices are mostly used but they have failed to define adquate nursing concepts. One of the reasons for this may be the lack of enough conceptualization of the reflection process. Subsequently, this claims that now is the best time to examine critically the notion of a reflective practice and have debate and research into the nature of nursing reflection. Further, the critical examination would enable experts to review recent nursing ideas and explore the concept of reflective practice relating to different types of practical knowledge.   Moreover, the plan would discuss and analyze critically the attraction of reflective practice to diverse interest groups and makes conclusions by examining the implications of reflective practice models for nurse educators. How perspective ethical and legal issues are offered as a result of such implications Due to ethical implications, the nurses are sensitive and do up to their level best to ensure that their moral duties are up held in order to increase survival rate of infants. It also puts emphasis on the significance of having a consent which is informed and always addresses only main ethical challenges in their daily practices. Furthermore, it shows the concern they have on how nurses should communicate especially with ethics practiced within the health centre committee in making decisions when faced by some of the ethical issues. Conclusion Historical and ethical implications of nurse practitioners should always be considered progressively. The right action plans enable authorities to make improvement on codes of behavior and the appropriate procedure for implementing them. Therefore, ethics should frequently be proofread and updates made at given intervals, while considering reflections from nurses in all parts of the world. References Bluebond Langner, M., Chambers, L., Lapwood, S., Noyes, J. (2017). Promoting high quality research with life limited children and their families: Establishment of a joint research group between Together for Short Lives and the Association for Paediatric Palliative Medicine. Journa of advanced nursing, 73(2), 283-285. Lines, L. E., Hutton, A. E., Grant, J. (2017). Integrative review: nurses roles and experiences in keeping children safe. Journal of advanced nursing, 73(2), 302-322.